[Hematological and clinical profile in sickle cell or thalassemic patients]. / Patrón clínico y hematológico de pacientes con drepanocitosis o diagnóstico presuntivo de talasemia.

Clinical and hematological characteristics of 14 patients with sickle cell anemia; one heterozygous AS, and 7, with diagnostic of microcytic hypochromic anemia were analyzed. Hemoglobin phenotypes were identified by electrophoresis, fetal hemoglobin was quantificated for alkaline denaturation and the HbA2 for ionic exchange chromatography; -alpha3,7 -thalassemia was detected by mutation identification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). SS phenotype was confirmed in 10 patients, two were SSF increased, one was SSFincreasedA2increased, and one was ASFincreased (HbF = 2%). The patient diagnosed as AS was SSFincreased (HbF = 21%). AD-patients presented a moderate clinical course of the illness. Five microcytic hypochromic anemia patients were HbAA, one was HbAAA2increased and another HbAAFincreased; those patients present a high hematological and clinical variation. beta-thalassemia was 19%. -alpha3,7-thalassemia was not detected. Infection was most frequent clinical manifestation (respiratory tract infection and intestinal parasitism). These results shows that -alpha3,7-thalassemia are not modulator genetic factors of clinical and hematological manifestations of patients with microcytic hypochromic anemia and sickle cell anemia. We suggest that environmental factors such as respiratory tract infection and intestinal parasitism may be affect the course of illness.

Patrón clínico y hematológico de pacientes con drepanocitosis o diagnóstico presuntivo de talasemia / Hematological and clinical profile in sickle cell or thalassemic patients

Clinical and hematological characteristics of 14 patients with sickle cell anemia; one heterozygous AS, and 7, with diagnostic of microcytic hypochromic anemia were analyzed. Hemoglobin phenotypes were identified by electrophoresis, fetal hemoglobin was quantificated for alkaline denaturation and the HbA2 for ionic exchange chromatography; -α3,7-thalassemia was detected by mutation identification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). SS phenotype was confirmed in 10 patients, two were SSF, one was SSFA2, and one was ASF (HbF - 2%). The patient diagnosed as AS was SSF (HbF = 21%). AD-patients presented a moderate clinical course of the illness. Five microcytic hypochromic anemia patients were HbAA, one was HbAAA2 and another HbAAF; those patients present a high hematological and clinical variation, β-thalassemia was 19%. -α3,7 -thalassemia was not detected. Infection was most frequent clinical manifestation (respiratory tract infection and intestinal parasitism). These results shows that -α3,7 -thalassemia are not modulator genetic factors of clinical and hematological manifestations of patients with microcytic hypochromic anemia and sickle cell anemia. We suggest that environmental factors such as respiratory tract infection and intestinal parasitism may be affect the course of illness.

Se analizaron las características clínicas y hematológicas de 14 pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de anemia drepanocítica (AD), un heterocigoto AS con manifestaciones clínicas, y siete pacientes con diagnóstico de anemia microcítica hipocrómica resistente a tratamiento con hierro y ácido fólico. Los fenotipos hemoglobínicos fueron determinados mediante electroforesis, la cuantificación de hemoglobina fetal se realizó por desnaturalización alcalina y la hemoglobina A2 por cromatografía de intercambio iónico. La detección de -α3,7 talasemia se realizó mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR). Se confirmó el fenotipo SS para 10 pacientes; de los cuatro restantes, dos fueron SSF, uno SSFA2, y uno fue heterocigoto ASF (HbF = 2%). El paciente diagnosticado como heterocigoto AS resultó ser SSF (HbF = 21%). Los pacientes con AD presentaron un curso clínico moderado de la enfermedad. De los siete pacientes con anemia microcítica hipocrómica, cinco fueron HbAA, uno fue HbAAA2 y otro HbAAF; todos presentaron una alta variación hematológica y clínica. Se detectó la presencia de β-talasemia en 19% de los pacientes. No se detectó la presencia de -α3,7 -talasemia. La manifestación clínica más frecuente fue la infección (respiratoria o parasitismo intestinal). De acuerdo con estos resultados, en estos pacientes se descarta la presencia de -α3,7 -talasemia, como atenuante de las manifestaciones clínicas de la anemia drepanocítica y como factor modulador de la variabilidad clínica observada en los pacientes con anemia microcítica-hipocrómica; se sugiere que factores ambientales tales como parasitosis intestinales y enfermedades respiratorias pueden afectar el curso de la enfermedad.